J clinic aesthet dermatol. 2018 may; 11(5): e53–e55. Published online 2018 may 1.

This month’s guideline: visual loss secondary to cosmetic filler injection Lee walker, md and martyn king, md

2. The Classification and Prognosis of Periocular Complications Related to Blindness following Cosmetic Filler Injection.

Myung Y, Yim S, Jeong JH, Kim BK, Heo CY, Baek RM, Pak CS Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017 Jul; 140(1):61-64.

Avoiding and Treating Blindness From Fillers: A Review of the World
Literature. Katie Beleznay, Jean D. A. Carruthers,Derek Jones. Published 2015 in Dermatologic surgery

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2016 Dec; 9(12): E5–E7. Published online 2016 Dec 1.
PMCID: PMC5300728
PMID: 28210400

Blindness After Facial Injection Askari Townshend, MD

An Anatomical Analysis of the Supratrochlear Artery: Considerations in Facial Filler Injections and Preventing Vision Loss

Article (PDF Available) in Aesthetic Surgery Journal37(2):sjw132 · August 2016

The Anatomical Origin and Course of the Angular Artery Regarding Its Clinical Implications

Kim, Yi-Suk MD, PhD*; Choi, Da-Yae BSDH, PhD†; Gil, Young-Chun PhD‡; Hu, Kyung-Seok DDS, PhD†; Tansatit, Tanvaa MD, MSc§; Kim, Hee-Jin DDS, PhD†

Dermatologic Surge9ry: October 2014 – Volume 40 – Issue 10 – p 1070–1076 The Journal of Anatomy
Variations in Branching Pattern of Facial Artery: An Anatomical Study
in 50 Indian Adult Cadavers

Ashish S. Kulkarni, Geetha K.N.
Department of Anatomy, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India

Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2018 Oct;42(5):1261-1270. doi: 10.1007/s00266-017-0936- 6. Epub 2017 Aug 8. Fat Injection: A Systematic Review of Injection Volumes by Facial Subunit.

A Rethink on Hyaluronidase Injection, Intraarterial Injection, and Blindness: Is There Another Option for Treatment of Retinal Artery Embolism Caused by Intraarterial Injection of Hyaluronic Acid? https://www.aafps.com.au/ wp-content/uploads/2016/11/A_Rethink_on_Hyaluronidase_Injection-17.pdf

Ranchod TM, Goldenberg DT, Trese MT. Pharmacologic vitreodynamics. Int Ophthalmol Clin 2009;49:135-40

Kuppermann BD, Thomas EL, de Smet MD, Grillone LR; Vitrase for Vitreous Hemorrhage Study Groups. Safety results of two phase III trials of
an intravitreous injection of highly purified ovine hyaluronidase (Vitrase) for the management of vitreous hemorrhage. Am J Ophthalmol 2005;140:585-97.

Kuppermann BD, Thomas EL, de Smet MD, Grillone LR; Vitrase for Vitreous Hemorrhage Study Groups. Pooled efficacy results from two multinational randomized controlled clinical trials of a single intravitreal injection of highly purified ovine hyaluronidase (Vitrase) for the management of vitreous hemorrhage. Am J Ophthalmol 2005;140:573-84.

Volume 47, Issue 13 ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract | May 2006
Use of Vitrase® for Vitreous Hemorrhage in Non–Surgical Candidates R.M. Lieberman; C. Zatezalo

Flegg, J., Byrne, H. & McElwain, D.L.S. Mathematical Model of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Applied to Chronic Diabetic Wounds. Bull. Math. Biol. 72, 1867-1891 (2010).

Ophthalmology. 1980 Jan;87(1):75-8.

Central retinal artery occlusion and retinal tolerance time.

Transient central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) was produced in 63 eyes of rhesus monkeys by lateral orbitotomy and temporary clamping of the central retinal artery (CRA) for between 15 and 270 minutes. Thirty-three eyes were examined at regular intervals for 12 to 22 weeks. Color fundus photography, fluorescein fundus angiography, electroretinography (ERG) and visual evoked response (VER) were performed before and during clamping of the CRA as well as periodically after unclamping. All the eyes were examined by light and/ or electron microscopy. This study revealed that the retina suffered irreparable damage after ischemia of 105 minutes, but recovered well after ischemia of 97 minutes. As a general rule, the monkey retina can tolerate up to 100 minutes

of ischemia but not more.
Hayreh SS, Kolder HE, Weingeist TA.

Rayahin JE, Buhrman JS, Zhang Y, Koh TJ, Gemeinhart RA. High and low molecular weight hyaluronic acid differentially influence macrophage

Chiang C1, Zhou S, Liu K. Retro or PeriBulbar Injection Techniques to Reverse Visual Loss After Filler Injections

Carruthers, Jean MD*; Fagien, Steven MD†; Dolman, Peter MD* Dermatologic Surgery: December 2015 – Volume 41 – Issue – p S354–S357

activation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2015;1(7):481-493.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016 Jan;137(1):114-21. doi: 10.1097/ PRS.0000000000001931. Intravenous Hyaluronidase with Urokinase as Treatment for Arterial Hyaluronic Acid Embolism.